配置和使用 pycharm

文章目录

1. 1. 配置
   1. 1.1. 常用代码片段配置
   2. 1.2. 快捷键配置
   3. 1.3. 跳转到上个光标所在位置
   4. 1.4. 插件
   5. 1.5. 显示界面和字体配置
   6. 1.6. 界面颜色
2. 2. 常见BUG
   1. 2.1. 更新了库以后跳转功能不一致(例如torch缺少torch.nn)
   2. 2.2. pycharm跳转源码时会跳转到pyi文件
   3. 2.3. pycharm中所有代码无法自动提示处理方法
   4. 2.4. 某个文件不能代码高亮
   5. 2.5. 关闭PEP8某些错误提醒
   6. 2.6. 关闭错误检测提醒
   7. 2.7. 关闭某些错误提醒
3. 3. 参考资料

配置

常用代码片段配置

---

配置路径 Setting—>Editor—>Live Templates—>加号按钮

~nos     
# noinspection PyMethodMayBeStatic

# ~err
error = '\n'.join(traceback.format_exception(*sys.exc_info()))

# ~path
path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), '')

# ~root
def root(*f, relative_root='../../../'):
    # relative_root 当前代码目录相对root的相对路径
    for t in f:
        if t[:1] == '/':
            print('Warning: root()包含绝对路径 参数={}'.format(f))
            break
    code_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
    long_path = os.path.join(code_dir, relative_root, *f)
    return long_path

快捷键配置

Keymap—方案设置成NetBeans

名称	快捷键	说明
Reformat	Ctrl+Alt+L 需设置	Code格式化代码
Move Line Up	Alt+Up 需设置	当前行往上挪一行
Move Line Down	Alt+Down 需设置	当前行往上挪一行
Optimize Imports	Ctrl+Shift+I	优化导入代码
	Ctrl+F12	跳转到方法（列表）
	Ctrl + F11	设置书签
	SHIFT F11	显示所有书签
Go to Bookmark 1	Ctrl+Alt+1 需设置	跳转到 该书签
Next Bookmark	Ctrl+Shift+.	跳转到下个书签
Previous Bookmark	Ctrl+Shift+逗号	跳转到上个书签
Decrease Font Size	Ctrl+Alt+减号	减小字体大小
Increase Font Size	Ctrl+Alt+=	增加字体大小
Move Caret to Line End	Ctrl+回车 需设置	光标挪到行尾，大括号什么的很方便
	Ctrl+PageDown Ctrl+PageUp	切换标签页

常用快捷键

把展开代码块，设置成递归的：

设置》Keymap》Main menu 》Code》Folding 》Expand 删除快捷键

设置》Keymap》Main menu 》Code》Folding 》Expand Recursively 增加快捷键 Ctrl+=

快捷键	作用
Ctrl+Q	查看当前函数有什么参数
Ctrl+Alt+L	格式化代码
Ctrl+Shift+加号/减号	展开/折叠所有代码块
Ctrl + 加号/减号	展开/折叠代码块（当前位置的：函数，注释等）
Ctrl + Alt + E	Show Useage

跳转到上个光标所在位置

​ 打开 View—toolbar 有左右箭头按钮。悬停可以查看快捷键

插件

File—Setting—Plugins

数据库插件：

​ 搜索datebase

​ 安装 Database Navigator

​ 安装Mongo Plugin

​ Grep Console 控制台文本颜色

默认logger的stream是输出到sys.stderr, 这是pycharm会把文字设置成红色. 如果设置stream到sys.stdout, 字体颜色就正常了

​

显示界面和字体配置

界面的字体大小：
Setting-->Appearance&Behavior-->Appearance-->Use custom font

代码的字体大小：
Setting-->Editor-->Font

控制台的字体大小:
Setting-->Editor-->Color Scheme-->Console Font

界面颜色

## Editor > Color Scheme > 

光标所在行   General > Editor > Caret row    Background=F1FFAA      #EBDEF0 淡蓝紫
光标所在变量(编写位置)   General > Code > Identifier under caret (write)    Background=FFC483
光标所在变量的其他位置   General > Code > Identifier under caret        Background=FFC483    FFD9B8 更淡一点    #D4E6F1 淡蓝色

常见BUG

更新了库以后跳转功能不一致(例如torch缺少torch.nn)

1. 关闭pycharm

2. 删除pycharm的提示缓存文件: /home/fish3/.PyCharmCE2019.2/system/python_stubs

3. 然后再重新启动一次pycharm, 这时候pycharm会重新更新updating python interpreter

pycharm跳转源码时会跳转到pyi文件

首先在File->Setting->Editor->Code Style->File Types中找到Python Stub

然后将Registered Patterns里面的内容清空就好了。

pycharm中所有代码无法自动提示处理方法

解决方案：
1）打开pycharm后必须等待indexing全部结束；
2）检查file菜单里，确保节能模式“power save mode”不被勾选。

某个文件不能代码高亮

原因: 自动识别成了text文件(误操作添加了文件类型)

解决方案:

设置—>Editor—>File Types—>找到文件名删除(一般在Text里面)

关闭PEP8某些错误提醒

点击有错误提示的代码, 前面的下拉菜单, 选择忽略该错误, 会自动添加到 PEP8的忽略错误列表中

关闭错误检测提醒

PEP的错误提示，鼠标到错误提示行开头位置，出现灯泡，选择ignore like this

setting—>Editor—>inspections

说明	英文
捕捉异常范围太广	Too broad exception clauses
方法可能是静态的	Method may be static
拼写检测	Typo

关闭某些错误提醒

让PyCharm 在代码检查时人为跳过某些特定部分的代码检查，便于强迫症和优化代码提示

使用方法：在需要跳过代码校验的部分加上注释即可， 如图：

注释	对应检查说明
# noinspection PyMethodMayBeStatic	This inspection detects any methods which may safely be made static.
# noinspection PyAbstractClass	This inspection detects when not all abstract properties/methods are defined in a subclass
# noinspection PyArgumentList	This inspection reports discrepancies between declared parameters and actual arguments, as well as incorrect arguments (e.g. duplicate named arguments) and incorrect argument order. Decorators are analyzed, too.
# noinspection PyArgumentEqualDefault	This inspection highlights situations, where argument passed to function is equal to default parameter value
# noinspection PyAssignmentToLoopOrWithParameter	Checks for cases when you rewrite loop variable with inner loop for i in xrange(5): for i in xrange(20, 25): print(“Inner”, i) print(“Outer”, i)It also warns you if variable declared in with statement is redeclared inside of statement body: with open(“file”) as f: f.read() with open(“file”) as f:
# noinspection PyAsyncCall	This inspection highlights coroutines which were called without await
# noinspection PyAugmentAssignment	This inspection highlights assignment that can be replaced with augmented assignment.
# noinspection PyAttributeOutsideInit	This inspection detects instance attribute definition outside init method
# noinspection PyBroadException	This inspection highlights too broad exception clauses such as no exception class specified, or specified as ‘Exception’.
# noinspection PyByteLiteral	This inspection detects characters > 255 in byte literals.
# noinspection PyCallByClass	This inspection checks for calls of a method by class while passing an instance of a different class as self parameter: foo = Foo() Bar.baz(foo, *more)Sometimes this may be intentional and correct. But when unintentional, this leads to subtle bugs.
# noinspection PyCallingNonCallable	This inspection highlights attempts to call objects which are not callable, like, for example, tuples.
# noinspection PyChainedComparisons	This inspection highlights chained comparisons that can be simplified.
# noinspection PyClassHasNoInit	This inspection used when a class has no init method, neither its parent classes.
# noinspection PyClassicStyleClass	This inspection detects classic style classes usage.
# noinspection PyComparisonWithNone	This inspection highlights comparisons with None. That type of comparisons should always be done with ‘is’ or ‘is not’, never the equality operators.
# noinspection PyCompatibility	Enable this inspection if you need your code to be compatible with a range of Python versions (for example, if you’re building a library). The range of Python versions with which the code needs to be compatible can be specified in the inspection settings.
# noinspection PyDataclass	This inspection detects invalid definitions and usages of classes created with dataclasses or attr modules.
# noinspection PyDecorator	This inspection reports usages of @classmethod or @staticmethod decorators on functions outside of a class.
# noinspection PyDefaultArgument	This inspection detects when a mutable value as list or dictionary is detected in a default value for an argument. Default argument values are evaluated only once at function definition time, which means that modifying the default value of the argument will affect all subsequent calls of the function.
# noinspection PyDeprecation	This inspection highlights usages of Python functions, classes or methods which are marked as deprecated (which raise a DeprecationWarning or a PendingDeprecationWarning).
# noinspection PyDictCreation	This inspection detects situations when dictionary creation could be rewritten with dictionary literal.
# noinspection PyDictDuplicateKeys	This inspection highlights using the same value as dictionary key twice.
# noinspection PyDocstringTypes	This inspection highlights types in docstring which don’t match dynamically inferred types.
# noinspection PyDunderSlots	This inspection detects invalid definition of slots in a class.
# noinspection PyExceptClausesOrder	This inspection highlights situations when except clauses are not in the correct order (from the more specific to the more generic) or one exception class is caught twice. If you don’t fix the order, some exceptions may not be catched by the most specific handler.
# noinspection PyExceptionInherit	This inspection detects when a custom exception class is raised but doesn’t inherit from the builtin “Exception” class.
# noinspection PyFromFutureImport	This inspection detects ‘from future import’ statements which are used not in the beginning of a file.
# noinspection PyGlobalUndefined	This inspection is used when a variable is defined through the “global” statement but the variable is not defined in the module scope.
# noinspection PyInconsistentIndentation	This inspection reports inconsistent indentation in Python source files (for example, use of a mixture of tabs and spaces).
# noinspection PyIncorrectDocstring	This inspection detects mismatched parameters in a docstring. Please note that it doesn’t warn you of missing parameters, if none of them is mentioned in a docstring.
# noinspection PyInitNewSignature	This inspection checks mutual compatibility of new and init signatures.
# noinspection PyInterpreter	This inspection notifies you if the current project has no Python interpreter configured or an invalid Python interpreter.
# noinspection PyListCreation	This inspection detects situations when list creation could be rewritten with list literal.
# noinspection PyMandatoryEncoding	This inspection detects lack of encoding magic comment for file.
# noinspection PyMethodFirstArgAssignment	This inspection detects cases when first parameter, such as ‘self’ or ‘cls’, is reassigned in a method. In most cases imaginable, there’s no point in such reassignment, and it indicates an error.
# noinspection PyMethodOverriding	This inspection detects inconsistencies in overriding method signatures.
# noinspection PyMethodParameters	This inspection looks for methods that lack a first parameter (which is usually named self ).
# noinspection PyMissingConstructor	This inspection warns if call to super constructor in class is missed
# noinspection PyMissingOrEmptyDocstring	This inspection detects lack of docstring and an empty docstring.
# noinspection PyMissingTypeHints	This inspection detects lack of type hints for function declaration in one of the two formats: parameter annotations or a type comment
# noinspection PyNamedTuple	This inspection detects invalid definition of namedtuple.
# noinspection PyNestedDecorators	This inspection looks for certain decorators that don’t nest well.
# noinspection PyNonAsciiChar	This inspection detects file contains non-ASCII characters and doesn’t have an encoding declaration at the top.
# noinspection PyNoneFunctionAssignment	This inspection is similar to pylint inspection E1111. It highlights situations when an assignment is done on a function call but the inferred function doesn’t return anything.
# noinspection PyOldStyleClasses	This inspection highlights occurrences of new-style class features in old-style classes.
# noinspection PyOverloads	This inspection validates overloads in regular Python files.
# noinspection PyPackageRequirements	This inspection warns about imported or required, but not installed packages.
# noinspection PyPep8	This inspection runs the pep8.py tool to check for violations of the PEP 8 coding style guide.
# noinspection PyPep8Naming	This inspection checks the PEP8 naming conventions.
# noinspection PyPropertyAccess	This inspection checks that properties are accessed correctly: read-only not set, write-only not read, non-deletable not deleted.
# noinspection PyPropertyDefinition	This inspection checks that arguments to property() and functions annotated with @property and friends look reasonably.
# noinspection PyProtectedMember	This inspection warns if a protected member is accessed outside the class, a descendant of the class where it’s defined or a module.
# noinspection PyProtocol	This inspection detects invalid definitions and usages of protocols introduced in PEP-544.
# noinspection PyRedeclaration	This inspection detects unconditional redeclarations of names without being used in between, like this: def x(): passx = 2It applies to function and class declarations, and top-level assignments.
# noinspection PyRedundantParentheses	This inspection highlights redundant parentheses in statements.
# noinspection PyReturnFromInit	This inspection reports occurrences of return statements with a return value inside init methods of classes. A constructor should not return any value.
# noinspection PySetFunctionToLiteral	This inspection detects call for function “set” which can be replaced with set literal.
# noinspection PyShadowingBuiltins	This inspection detects shadowing built-in names, such as ‘len’ or ‘list’.
# noinspection PyShadowingNames	This inspection detects shadowing names defined in outer scopes
# noinspection PySimplifyBooleanCheck	This inspection detects equality comparison with a boolean literal.
# noinspection PySingleQuotedDocstring	This inspection highlights docstrings not using triple double-quoted string format.
# noinspection PyStatementEffect	This inspection detects statements without any effect.
# noinspection PyStringException	This inspection detects when a string exception is raised.
# noinspection PyStringFormat	This inspection detects errors in string formatting operations.
# noinspection PySuperArguments	This inspection check that in any call to super(A, B), B either is an instance of A or a subclass of A.
# noinspection PyTestParametrized	Test function, decorated with @pytest.mark.parametrize, must have arguments to accept parameters from decorator
# noinspection PyTrailingSemicolon	This inspection detects trailing semicolons in statements.
# noinspection PyTupleAssignmentBalance	This inspection check that the number of expressions on right-hand side and targets on left-hand side are the same.
# noinspection PyTupleItemAssignment	This inspection detects assignments to tuple item.
# noinspection PyTypeChecker	This inspection detects type errors in function call expressions. Due to dynamic dispatch and duck typing, this is possible in a limited but useful number of cases. Types of function parameters can be specified in docstrings or in Python 3 function annotations.
# noinspection PyTypeHints	This inspection detects invalid usages of type hints.
# noinspection PyUnboundLocalVariable	This inspection warns about local variables referenced before assignment.
# noinspection PyUnnecessaryBackslash	This inspection highlights backslashes in places where line continuation is implicit (inside (), [], {}).
# noinspection PyUnreachableCode	This inspection detects code which can not be normally reached.
# noinspection PyUnresolvedReferences	This inspection detects names that should resolve but don’t. Due to dynamic dispatch and duck typing, this is possible in a limited but useful number of cases. Top-level and class-level items are supported better than instance items.
# noinspection PyUnusedLocal	This inspection highlights local variables,parameters or local functions unused in scope.

参考资料